(Encyclopedia) letters, in literature, written messages, ranging from those addressed to the public and those sent from lover to lover, to business letters and thank-you notes. The common quality…
(Encyclopedia) state flowers. Each state of the United States has designated, usually by legislative action, one flower as its floral emblem; the rose has been designated by Congress as the national…
(Encyclopedia) china clay, one of the purest of the clays, composed chiefly of the mineral kaolinite usually formed when granite is changed by hydrothermal metamorphism. Usage of the terms china clay…
(Encyclopedia) corundumcorundumkərŭnˈdəm [key], mineral, aluminum oxide, Al2O3. The clear varieties are used as gems and the opaque as abrasive materials. Corundum occurs in crystals of the hexagonal…
(Encyclopedia) creole languagecreole languagekrēōlˈ [key], any language that began as a pidgin but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people in place of the original mother tongue or tongues…
(Encyclopedia) slate, fine-grained rock formed when sedimentary rocks such as shale are metamorphosed by great pressure. Slate splits into perfectly cleaved, broad thin layers; this…
(Encyclopedia) Strand, Paul, 1890–1976, American photographer, b. New York City. Strand studied under Lewis Hine, who introduced him to Alfred Stieglitz. At Stieglitz's famed “291” gallery, Strand…
(Encyclopedia) Rhodes, James FordRhodes, James Fordrōdz [key], 1848–1927, American historian, b. Ohio City (now part of Cleveland). While studying in Europe he visited ironworks and steelworks in…
(Encyclopedia) Ross, John, whose name in Cherokee is KooweskooweRoss, John,k&oomacr;ˌwĭsˌk&oomacr;wēˈ [key], 1790–1866, Native American chief, b. near Lookout Mt., Tenn., of Scottish and…
(Encyclopedia) Spangenberg, August GottliebSpangenberg, August Gottliebouˈg&oobreve;st gôtˈlēp shpängˈənbĕrk [key], 1704–92, a bishop of the Moravian Church and a founder of that church in…
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