(Encyclopedia) Upjohn, Richard, 1802–78, American architect, b. England. He came to the United States in 1829. A skilled cabinetmaker and draftsman, he lived first in Manlius, N.Y., and then in New…
(Encyclopedia) Taylor, John, 1808–87, American leader of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, b. England. He emigrated in 1832 to Canada, where he was converted (1836) to the Mormon faith…
(Encyclopedia) Spottiswoode, JohnSpottiswoode, Johnspŏtˈĭsw&oobreve;d [key], 1565–1639, Scottish prelate and church historian. Under James and Andrew Melville he studied for the ministry but…
(Encyclopedia) BurghersBurghersbûrˈgərz [key], in the 18th cent., a party of the Secession Church of Scotland, resulting from one of the “breaches” in the history of Presbyterianism. To qualify as a…
(Encyclopedia) Vatican Council, Second, popularly called Vatican II, 1962–65, the 21st ecumenical council (see council, ecumenical) of the Roman Catholic Church, convened by Pope John XXIII and…
(Encyclopedia) GallicanismGallicanismgălˈĭkənĭzˌəm [key], in French Roman Catholicism, tradition of resistance to papal authority. It was in opposition to ultramontanism, the view that accorded the…
(Encyclopedia) Butterfield, William, 1814–1900, English Gothic-revival architect. Favored by the Ecclesiological Society for his Puginlike correctness in recalling Gothic forms, Butterfield rose to…
(Encyclopedia) KulturkampfKulturkampfk&oobreve;lt&oomacr;rˈkämpfˌ [key] [Ger.,=conflict of cultures], the conflict between the German government under Bismarck and the Roman Catholic Church.…
(Encyclopedia) Christianity, religion founded in Palestine by the followers of Jesus. One of the world's major religions, it predominates in Europe and the Americas, where it has been a powerful…
