(Encyclopedia) Bar, Confederation of, union formed in 1768 at Bar, in Podolia (now in W Ukraine), by a number of Polish nobles to oppose the interference of Catherine II of Russia in Polish affairs.…
(Encyclopedia) Peter II, 1715–30, czar of Russia (1727–30). A grandson of Peter I and the son of the czarevich Alexis, he succeeded on the death of Catherine I. He was too young to rule, but he…
(Encyclopedia) Vivaldi, AntonioVivaldi, Antonioäntôˈnyō vēvälˈdē [key], 1678–1741, Italian composer. He was the greatest master of Italian baroque, particularly of violin music and the concerto…
(Encyclopedia) Schweitzer, AlbertSchweitzer, Albertälˈbĕrt shvīˈtsər [key], 1875–1965, Alsatian theologian, musician, and medical missionary. Determined to become a medical missionary, he obtained a…
(Encyclopedia) Bennett, Sir William Sterndale, 1816–75, English musician. Bennett was a friend of Mendelssohn and Schumann, both of whom influenced his work. Besides composing, he was active as a…
(Encyclopedia) Kuhnau, JohannKuhnau, Johannyōˈhän k&oomacr;ˈnou [key], 1660–1722, German composer and performer. Kuhnau was J. S. Bach's predecessor as organist and cantor at St. Thomas Church in…
(Encyclopedia) Franz, RobertFranz, Robertrōˈbĕrt fränts [key], 1815–92, German composer of about 350 lieder, intimate songs, usually in strophic form. The first of them (pub. 1843) drew warm praise…
(Encyclopedia) jig, dance of English origin that is performed also in Ireland and Scotland. It is usually a lively dance, performed by one or more persons, with quick and irregular steps. When the…
(Encyclopedia) Albinoni, TomasoAlbinoni, Tomasoälbēnôˈnē [key], 1671–1751, Italian violinist and composer. He wrote more than 50 operas, 40 cantatas, and instrumental works of many kinds. His…
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