(Encyclopedia) Costa e Silva, Artur daCosta e Silva, Artur daərt&oomacr;rˈ dä koŏshˈtə ĕ sēlˈvə [key], 1902–69, president of Brazil (1967–69). An army general, he participated in the 1964 coup…
(Encyclopedia) Jenkins's Ear, War of, 1739–41, struggle between England and Spain. It grew out of the commercial rivalry of the two powers and led to involvement in the larger War of the Austrian…
(Encyclopedia) jinnijinnijĭnēˈ [key], feminine jinniyahjinniyahjĭnēyäˈ [key], plural jinnjinnjĭn [key], in Arabic and Islamic folklore, spirit or demon endowed with supernatural power. In ancient…
(Encyclopedia) annexation, in international law, formal act by which a state asserts its sovereignty over a territory previously outside its jurisdiction. Many kinds of territory have been subject to…
(Encyclopedia) hero, in Greek religion, famous person, who after his death, was worshiped as quasi-divine. The heroes might be actual great men and women, real or imaginary ancestors, or “faded” gods…
(Encyclopedia) Koivisto, Mauno HenrikKoivisto, Mauno Henrikmouˈnō hĕnˈrĭk koiˈvēstō [key], 1923–2017, Finnish politician. He was director of the Helsinki Workers' Savings Bank (1959–68) and then…
(Encyclopedia) War Production Board (WPB), former U.S. government agency, established (Jan., 1942) by executive order to direct war production and the procurement of materials in World War II. The…
(Encyclopedia) Sassou-Nguesso, DenisSassou-Nguesso, Denisdĕˈnē säsˈō-əngāˈsō [key], 1943?–, Congolese army officer and president (1979–92, 1997–) of Congo (Brazzaville). He served (1977–79) as the…
(Encyclopedia) scalping, taking the scalp of an enemy. The custom, comparable to head-hunting, was formerly practiced in Europe and Asia (Herodotus describes its practice by the Scythians, for…
(Encyclopedia) Tehran Conference, Nov. 28–Dec. 1, 1943, meeting of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Premier Joseph Stalin at Tehran, Iran. The conference was…
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