Columbia Encyclopedia

(Encyclopedia) Rykov, Aleksey Ivanovich əlyĭksyāˈ ēväˈnəvĭch rēˈkôf [key], 1881–1938, Russian revolutionary and Communist leader. A Bolshevik, he became commissar for the interior after the October Rev...

(Encyclopedia) Koltsov, Aleksey Vasilyevich əlyĭksyāˈ vəsēˈlyəvĭch kəltsôfˈ [key], 1809–42, Russian poet. Although he had little formal education, he studied great works of literature and became well k...

(Encyclopedia) Tolstoy, Aleksey Nikolayevich təlstoiˈ [key], 1883–1945, Russian writer. He was distantly related to Leo Tolstoy. Of aristocratic origin, he opposed the Bolsheviks in 1917 and emigrated to Wester...

(Encyclopedia) Vavilov, Sergei Ivanovich vəvēˈləf [key], 1891–1951, Russian physicist. In 1932 he became director of the P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, which he organized around the laboratory of the Sovie...

(Encyclopedia) Jawlensky, Aleksey von əlyĭksyāˈ vôn youlĕnˈskē [key], 1864–1941, Russian painter. He went to Munich in 1896 and met Kandinsky, with whom he was associated in avant-garde groups. A hint of f...

(Encyclopedia) Shakhmatov, Aleksey Aleksandrovich əlĭksyāˈ əlĭksänˈdrəvĭch shôkmətôfˈ [key], 1864–1920, Russian philologist and historian. Shakhmatov's many books on the history of the Russian langua...

(Encyclopedia) Kuropatkin, Aleksey Nikolayevich əlyĭksyāˈ nyĭkəlīˈəvĭch ko͞orŭpätˈkĭn [key], 1848–1925, Russian general. He distinguished himself in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78. Made minister...

(Encyclopedia) Brusilov, Aleksey Alekseyevich əlyĭksyāˈ əlyĭksyāˈəvĭch bro͞osēˈləf [key], 1853–1926, Russian general. As a commander in World War I, he won victories in Galicia. In 1916 he organized ...

(Encyclopedia) Kalinin, Mikhail Ivanovich mēkhəyēlˈ ēväˈnəvĭch kəlyēˈnyĭn [key], 1875–1946, Russian revolutionary. Of peasant origin, he was active in revolutionary affairs from his youth. He became t...

(Encyclopedia) Remizov, Aleksey Mikhailovich əlyĭksyāˈ mēkhīˈləvĭch rĕˈmēzəf [key], 1877–1957, Russian novelist, short-story writer, and painter. Remizov's emphasis on style, especially his ornamentat...